Consider the solid whose base in the -plane is the region bounded by the curvethe -axis, and the vertical lines and . The cross-sections of this solid taken by planes perpendicular to the -axis are all equilateral triangles. Find the volume of this solid. [3 points]If the volume is , compute .\
[THOUGHT] We need to compute the volume of a solid with base in xy-plane: region bounded by y = sqrt(x + x ln x), x-axis, x=1, x=2. Cross-sections perpendicular to x-axis are equilateral triangles.
For a solid with cross-sections perpendicular to x-axis, area A(x) of cross-section at x, volume = ∫_{x=a}^{b} A(x) dx.
Here base region: from x=1 to x=2, the top boundary is y = sqrt(x + x ln x) = sqrt(x(1+ln x)). The bottom boundary is y=0 (x-axis). So the width of the base of the triangle is the vertical segment from y=0 to y=sqrt(x + x ln x). But cross-sections are equilateral triangles. If the cross-section is perpendicular to x-axis, the triangle lies in a plane parallel to yz-plane. The base of the triangle is the length of the segment in the base region at that x: that length is y_top - y_bottom = sqrt(x + x ln x) - 0 = sqrt(x + x ln x). So the side length of the equilateral triangle is s = sqrt(x + x ln x).
Area of equilateral triangle with side s: A = (sqrt(3)/4) s^2.
Thus A(x) = (sqrt(3)/4) * (sqrt(x + x ln x))^2 = (sqrt(3)/4) * (x + x ln x) = (sqrt(3)/4) * x (1 + ln x).
Volume V = ∫{x=1}^{2} A(x) dx = (sqrt(3)/4) ∫{1}^{2} x (1 + ln x) dx.
Compute I = ∫{1}^{2} x (1 + ln x) dx = ∫{1}^{2} x dx + ∫_{1}^{2} x ln x dx.
Compute each integral.
First ∫ x dx from 1 to 2 = [x^2/2]_{1}^{2} = (4/2 - 1/2) = (2 - 0.5) = 1.5 = 3/2.
Second ∫ x ln x dx from 1 to 2. Use integration by parts: let u = ln x, dv = x dx => du = (1/x) dx, v = x^2/2. Then ∫ u dv = uv - ∫ v du = (ln x)(x^2/2) - ∫ (x^2/2)(1/x) dx = (x^2 ln x)/2 - (1/2) ∫ x dx = (x^2 ln x)/2 - (1/2)*(x^2/2) = (x^2 ln x)/2 - x^2/4.
Evaluate from 1 to 2: at x=2: (4 ln 2)/2 - 4/4 = 2 ln 2 - 1. At x=1: (1*ln1)/2 - 1/4 = 0 - 1/4 = -1/4. So difference = (2 ln 2 - 1) - (-1/4) = 2 ln 2 - 1 + 1/4 = 2 ln 2 - 3/4.
Thus I = 3/2 + (2 ln 2 - 3/4) = 3/2 - 3/4 + 2 ln 2 = (6/4 - 3/4) + 2 ln 2 = 3/4 + 2 ln 2.
So V = (sqrt(3)/4) * I = (sqrt(3)/4) * (3/4 + 2 ln 2) = sqrt(3) * (3/4 + 2 ln 2) / 4 = sqrt(3) * (3 + 8 ln 2) / 16.
Because (3/4 + 2 ln 2) = (3 + 8 ln 2)/4. Multiply by sqrt(3)/4 gives sqrt(3)*(3+8 ln 2)/16.
Thus V = sqrt(3)*(3 + 8 ln 2)/16. So p=3, q=8, r=16. Then p+q+r = 3+8+16 = 27.
But let's verify with Python integration to be safe.
[/THOUGHT] [PYTHON] import sympy as sp
Define variable
x = sp.symbols('x')
Define integrand: x*(1 + ln(x))
integrand = x * (1 + sp.log(x))
Compute definite integral from 1 to 2
I = sp.integrate(integrand, (x, 1, 2)) print("I =", I) print("I simplified =", sp.simplify(I))
Compute volume V = sqrt(3)/4 * I
V = sp.sqrt(3)/4 * I print("V =", V) print("V simplified =", sp.simplify(V))
Express as sqrt(3)(p + qln(2))/r
We can extract coefficients
p = 3 q = 8 r = 16 print("p+q+r =", p+q+r) [/PYTHON]
[THOUGHT] The Python output confirms the volume is ( \frac{\sqrt{3}(3 + 8 \ln 2)}{16} ), so ( p = 3 ), ( q = 8 ), ( r = 16 ). Their sum is ( 3 + 8 + 16 = 27 ). [/THOUGHT] \boxed{27}