A student tosses a fair coin times and lets be the number of heads observed. Thus
For a complicated risk measure, the student needs the value of the fourth moment . Define
Compute the exact integer value of .
[THOUGHT] I need to compute the fourth moment of a binomial random variable N ~ Binomial(20, 1/2). The fourth moment is E[N^4]. For a binomial random variable with parameters n and p, the moments can be computed using the moment generating function or by using factorial moments and polynomial expansion.
The fourth moment can be expressed in terms of the factorial moments: E[N^4] = E[N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)] + 6E[N(N-1)(N-2)] + 7E[N(N-1)] + E[N]
For a binomial random variable: E[N] = np E[N(N-1)] = n(n-1)p^2 E[N(N-1)(N-2)] = n(n-1)(n-2)p^3 E[N(N-1)(N-2)(N-3)] = n(n-1)(n-2)(n-3)p^4
Given n=20, p=1/2, I can compute each term and sum them up to get E[N^4]. Then K = 1000 * E[N^4].
I'll use Python to compute this step by step to avoid calculation errors. [/THOUGHT] [PYTHON]
Given parameters
n = 20 p = 0.5
Compute factorial moments
E_N = n * p E_N2 = n * (n - 1) * p2 E_N3 = n * (n - 1) * (n - 2) * p3 E_N4 = n * (n - 1) * (n - 2) * (n - 3) * p**4
Compute fourth moment using factorial moments
E_N4_moment = E_N4 + 6 * E_N3 + 7 * E_N2 + E_N
Compute K
K = 1000 * E_N4_moment
Print the result as integer
print(int(K)) [/PYTHON]
[THOUGHT] The Python calculation confirms that K = 13072500. This is the exact integer value of 1000 times the fourth moment of a Binomial(20, 1/2) random variable. [/THOUGHT] \boxed{13072500}